TA的每日心情 | 怒
2019-9-29 20:45 |
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签到天数: 37 天 [LV.5]常住居民I
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发表于 2019-9-8 10:37:28
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本帖最后由 张琴琴 于 2019-9-8 11:31 编辑
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* K9 W; }, F6 w6 j) {" Y首先要指出的是，最能体现出英语思维的地方就是“时态”的运用。英语对时间表达的精确性远胜过中文，这种英语思维在汉语中的天然缺失，使得国人对英语时态的学习要么不够重视，置之不理，要么异常艰难。
. C. }0 {- t! f- D' W+ Y6 t2 @再者，所有英语时态的讨论只能建立在具体的语境中，任何孤立的句子都是没有意义的，完成时更是如此。楼主能提出这样的问题，说明注意力已经开始关注起英语中比较微妙的地方。
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* d9 K' m5 z9 R" I4 k例:
" p; u" Q" ?6 h& o9 |, V/ R% h% hA:This young man must be no more than 30 years old. But he looks weather-beaten and tough.. h# h/ m2 K7 }4 }
B: Yeah. He was born to a family of sailors. He has travelled all over the world.- w, z% b) ]: ]- }, j) u
这个对话中完成时的意义就是“他周游过全世界”。既不是正在周游，也不是近期在周游，而是表达出了一种已经走遍世界的结果，这一“成果”已经成了事实。. ?+ \$ a: @& E" i
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1 `3 a) ]0 c' Q* e- w5 GA: Morning, fella! Where's your brother Mike? I haven't seen him for a while./ \, y7 |& W h* L8 p
B: Why, he is not at home. He has a long vacation every year. He is now travelling all over the world!+ }6 v+ q- h- T; i0 y
这里当然不能用完成时。这里的进行时显然表达了Mike正在环游世界的过程中。* c( f2 B0 @& w9 T
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A:I found in Charlie's bookcase a number of curious gismos and souvenir badges, most of which seem to have been bought in foreign countries. What has he been doing since he graduated?' H- J# z3 j; |6 N6 f T
B:Why, didn't you know that? He has been travelling all over the world!: q7 K( [" ~+ z
这里的现在完成进行时表达的是Charlie在从过去到现在的很长一段时间内，反复从事某个活动，即他这些年来反反复复的出国旅行。2 a/ L) G; I7 L- a) ]
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Zheng He, the legendary voyager of China's Ming Dynasty, travelled all over the world before the age of Columbus.$ z" c8 D# ~0 H& U5 N" s
这里只是个人物介绍，所以只用过去式。, W, V0 x& p! G) d/ O
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例:
7 d- [2 t- _& d# r$ w2 mHe takes his beloved dog Queenie with him every time he travels all over the world.# d* a3 \/ v3 R$ e6 x+ v
一般现在时不一定就是“发生在现在的事情”，其本质思维是用于不受时间限制的动作。比如这个例句是在说”他每次周游世界都带上狗“。这里没有以前，现在和将来的时间概念。
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