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发表于 2019-4-25 09:40:29
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本帖最后由 klwo2 于 2019-4-25 09:46 编辑
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* }; y) `- C/ k _* A' J" a G楼主的问题问得很好，我来解释一下。7 s2 H( N* y2 Z- m2 O
% M( x; i; Q- P/ T为什么一般的语法书都藏着掖着，不告诉你不定式和动名词在某些环境下有什么本质区别？3 t3 Z B4 M" m' D3 v# Y
3 f+ N+ q1 {- D6 x- g; l' d答：因为【不定式】 （Infinitive）在很多印欧语言里面都有，要找到一个通用的解释框架不容易。请看喂鸡百科：/ r' _1 d, R4 W" C U* n
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Infinitive (abbreviated inf) is a grammatical term referring to certain verb forms existing in many languages, most often used as non-finite verbs. As with many linguistic concepts, there is not a single definition applicable to all languages.
9 w2 Q! f5 G5 q1 W定义都不好下，怎么解释啊？只能说些各种语言都大致相同的地方了。4 } W7 |$ v/ M3 |
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有人讲，我就要明白英语的不定式。那也行，找一个野路子让你歪打正着学会了英语的不定式，结果你学了别的语言，发现套用不了，打架了，之前帮你学会英语的【野路子】成了学其他语言的【拦路虎】，这怎么行。
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【动名词】（Gerund）有类似的问题，咱不说别的，咱看看这段：) f6 [2 `( b) |5 B
4 b& f1 a7 F* `4 ~Thus, English grammar uses gerund to mean an -ing form used in non-finite clauses such as playing on computers. This is not a normal use for a Latin gerund. Moreover, the clause may function within a sentence as subject or object, which is impossible for a Latin gerund.
7 h9 ~" W, t! P% i大家都知道，很多欧洲语言的语法都是比照着拉丁语法弄出来的，拉丁语法是妈。结果，英语里面的动名词可以做主语、宾语，拉丁语竟然不行？？？ t, K; A$ K+ d: {8 { {
. X1 V3 c3 @- N9 d2 o z5 l7 `所以不藏着掖着怎么办呢？喂鸡百科告诉我们，现在有的语法干脆也不区分什么动名词和分词了，直接叫ing形式了：# u0 ~" `9 Z' B3 X) u+ H7 v1 h" @( o
( s9 K2 G/ \: ?( G: ]) dTraditional grammar makes a distinction within -ing forms between present participles and gerunds, a distinction that is not observed in such modern, linguistically informed grammars as A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language and The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language.
ing形式，这话是描述长相的，简直跟汉语里面说【把字句】【被字句】差不多了。. |4 A5 s; R! N1 H/ N
4 R" Q8 a" t& V# o; I* E' T所以楼主明白为什么好些语法语焉不详了吧，因为这不只是解释英语现象一个坑，这是要解释印欧语言里面所有对应现象呀！
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楼主
！！！