TA的每日心情 | 慵懒 2024-12-29 22:26 |
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签到天数: 1026 天 [LV.10]以坛为家III
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发表于 2018-3-29 18:46:42
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嗯,我和 @elusty 的看法是一样的——“那就成虚拟语气了”。) V5 E1 h8 g1 {: J: K- E+ u \ g# n
如果不把它理解成虚拟语气,我认为这个句子也完全说得通。我认为需要讨论一下 could 的用法。
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# A0 s. z+ v3 C. ?! [在这儿,could 纯粹地去表达“(used to say that something is possible or might happen)可以,可能”。
7 n" I4 f8 G: ]1 e% NMost accidents in the home could be prevented. 大多数家庭意外事故都是可以避免的。[could 词条——《朗文 4》]/ q4 {' N& [. _
跟这句话:Most accidents in the home could have been prevented.
6 L+ Q* [+ k! X) @. k Z; {我认为这两句话所表达意思上是相同的。
6 r) w% [" @6 A# o* T同样还是在 could 词条下,
* k$ q) f( n9 o* e# O$ i3 ~If you're not careful, you could get into even worse trouble. 如果你不当心的话,可能会陷入更大的麻烦。; q+ R; w) y% b" T% G" r5 U
当然,这句话是表达一个真实情形下的条件句。! m/ p- m, n& O
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( o( w+ _' X3 S- P" U% n) qcould have done 一定是表达虚拟语气吗?4 r9 k, |' ~9 e% c
Don't worry—they could have just forgotten to call. 别担心,他们可能只是忘了打电话。[could 词条——《牛津 7》]
! g S" q% d0 B" A同样,这儿也是推测过去的某种行动,来表示“可能”。
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Michael was a great boxer. He could have beaten all his opponents. This one is a bit incoherent. He had the skill to beat all his opponents, but he didn't beat them all or he didn't even have a chance to try. (It doesn't seem that he was so great.
8 ?8 U" t4 m; |) f7 X关于这句话,作者的意思是 He could have beaten all his opponents 这句话是 incoherent; ambiguous。为什么这样说?你可以试着先翻译一下这句话。
- }3 y$ W! l; \7 b6 H作者说它表达的可能是:* d$ Y8 F% \: k+ t- F
他有能力打败他的所有对手,但是却没有全打败他们,又或是他甚至没有机会上场。那么怎么说是“一名优秀的拳击手”呢?这就是 incoherent 的地方。
1 h4 d+ m* n8 c) I* d$ R3 M而,如果直接写成 Michael was a great boxer. He could beat all his opponents. 那么它就等于... He was able to beat ... 又等于 He had the skill to beat ...
% v; i2 F* S7 a当然,这上面有点扯远了,只是帮 elusty 解释一下。9 h, j& D7 c& r i6 J! `( p5 I- E1 g4 p' T
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另外,关于虚拟语气的争论其实有很多,《经济学人》先前就有一篇:- ^ N X/ r0 y" W; i
Would that it were so simple | The strange tale of the subjunctive in English
$ ?- q& T& l4 r4 q6 A2 M$ i3 N这应该就是 elusty 所说的“过去虚拟最好少用,生活中这样用的少,甚至有人不主张这种虚拟,有点儿过时了”。 |
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