implicit faith 及 explicit faith

gnoweb

ODE2014 对两个词的解释：
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implicit =>
$ z$ o) P; {! z9 ~2 {- R        With no qualification or question; absolute

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        Stated clearly and in detail, leaving no room for confusion or doubt

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* Y+ c0 I4 a! v! jan implicit faith in God... 和 an explicit faith in God... 有啥区别呢？
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Garner's Modern American Usage 里面有这样一段话：

implicit (= implied) functions as a correlative of explicit (= express or expressed), just as implied is a correlative of express〔no warranty, either express or implied〕. H.W. Fowler called implicit “a shifty word” and suggested that the language would be better off without it. The problem, he pointed out, is that while implied and express are neat opposites, implicit and explicit seem to overlap when they mean “complete, unmitigated”〔implicit trust〕〔explicit pornography〕. In this sense, the words can sometimes become interchangeable

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似乎 H.W. Fowler 也没仔细想过这两个词做 “complete, unmitigated” 时还是有区别的，Garner's Modern American Usage 后面这段话就是比较好的阐释：

Logic is on the side of this usage: if one has implicit faith in something, no evidence or rationalization is needed to bolster that belief. The Century Dictionary recognized this sense of implicit in 1895: “involved in or resulting from perfect confidence in or deference to some authority or witness; hence, submissive, unquestioning, blind.”

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, t; N5 ?  E# s% v; c另外，这里 The Sacred Heart Review, Number 6, 4 January 1890 的解释就很好：

IMPLICIT AND EXPLICIT FAITH.
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We see from this that it is, of course, quite possible for a person to have a true and firm belief in God and whatever he has revealed, and yet not to have studied and learned up all the different things that God has revealed. Such a person believes, as we say, implicitly everything that God has said, so far and as soon as he knows it. And this is the sort of faith that most persons have; for there are not many who are so well instructed as to have a complete and accurate, or as we call it, explicit knowledge of each particular thing that God has revealed. To believe whatever God has revealed without knowing what those things are, is called implicit faith. To believe things that God has revealed, knowing what those things are, is called explicit faith.

虽然不知道这种理解大多数人是否认同，但概括起来就是：

' R  `; m' ~+ s! e7 rimplicit faith 对某种宗教或其它理论没有完全仔细深入理解，自己也讲不明白，含含糊糊就深信不疑了，之后就没有一丝疑问或反思的信仰状态；
' C0 l1 B2 p/ H' k0 h+ j, z* F: Wexplicit faith 对教理深入研究，知道所以然，整个理论的脉络和精髓都能把握，完全通透后的理性信仰状态。
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titep1990

谢谢排版和分享